Checkerwork for furnaces



April 1, 1930. F. H, LoFTUs ET AL CHECKER WORK FOR FURNACES Filed Jan. .'51, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l Patented Apriy 1930 iNrrED STA rm n. Lemus, or Aucuns, ANDLTHOMAS N.

` PENNSYLVANIA xun'rz, or rfm'rsnnnen',

cnncxnnwfonx roza rumacns,

applicati@ mea January si, ma serial ne. asa-375.

The present invention relates to work.' for furnaces of various types, and has for -its object to improve that construction shown in United States Patenti No. 1,686,826,

f 5 granted to Fred H. Loftus on October y9, 1928. Y The patented Loftus construction,while one well calculated to broadlymeet checker-work for` furnaces, and, while from practical use has proven to beof great value, has certain structural features which are very materially and practically improved upon by the' present construction, while all of the valuable principlesof the Loftus patented conf struction are retained. y

The purpose of the present invention is to construct the wall tiles or bricks and the checker-blocks or heat exchangers so as to prevent fracture of the tiles during manufacture, handling, or while in use and at the 2o same time obtain a greater weight of checker tile for a given amount of ex osed surface.

. Anotherl very im ortant o ject' ofathe invention is to provi' e an improved checker.v

brick or tile for they support of check-blocks l2li vof substantially keystone-shape in cross secthe needs of.

tion which will offer the proper resistance to the passage of incoming air ,to cause it to low through the checker-Work atthe proper velocity to absorb the maximum amount of. heat and .will also minimize interference with outgoing gases through the,l checker-work while absorbing the maximum amount of heat therefrom; the correlated construction ofthe checker-bricks and blocks serving to elimibrick walls or intercommunicationbetween I the narrow wells formed by the spacedverti calwalls and. which correlated construction makesfor an increased weightand exposed tion of all possibility of clogging with dust or dirt. f,

A further object of the invention is to pro-v vand angle of the draft openings between thei 50 I checker-blocks without the necessity of alternate cross passages or openings through the 'tion will become apparent duringthe course .throughout the several views:

checkerblocks themselves.- v

`Other objects and advantages of theinven- Figure 1 is a fragmentary. vertical section through the checker-work'taken on a lline vcheckeringiin any way.,"either in size or shape, the I extending parallel tothe vertical checker walls or upon line 1-1 of Figure 3.

Figure 2 is a top plan of the same. 'Flgure 3' is a transverse section 'of the checker-work taken on the line 3 3 of Figf ure 1.

` Figure 4-isyan enlarge-d perspective view of a section of the checker-work embodying a different size checker-brick.-

'i Figure 5 is a' View similar to Figure 1 ofl the modified form of checkerrbrick, and

F1gure6 is a perspective view of the modified orm of checker-brick shown in Figures Referring now more particularly-'to the j drawings, the. numeral' 10l designates the spaced-apart, parallel, vertical walls of the work are supported uponvertically spaced, Y

parallel, transverse rider tiles 12, which tiles are supported in the Well known manner upon the usual ridervvalls or arches not disclosed. The verticalchecker walls 10 are composed of a plurality of/'superposed' courses 13 of surface of the checker-brick and the eliminacheckertiles,xthe courses being arranged in "break-joint relation. Each ofthe courses consists of a plurality of refractory checker' -wall tiles 14 laid in ,end to end abutting relation, as shown in the drawings.

Each wall tile 14 consists of a substantiallyrectangular body, the'two ends of which are .cut-away,xpreferably alongthe lines shown, i' to conform to vthe .outer sides, of' a checkerf block or heat exchanger 1,5. In the embodiment of the'invention here illustrated, these cut awa ends provide recesses in the ends of the ti e which are deeper than onenhalf the hei ht o'f the tile for apurpose hereinafter expilained. In the form here shown, these checker-blocks 15 are of substantially key-4 stone-shape in cross sectionwith the corners rounded off as at 16'. The cut-away ends of the tiles 14 provide both ends'of each tile with an inclined surface 17 arranged in a plane at right-angles to the vertical longitudinal plane of the tileand also provide the ends of each tile with horizontal walls 18, parallel to the top and bottom walls of the tile to form shoulders. The walls 17 and`18 are joined by a curve 19 so as to snugly iit the contour of the checker-blocks 15.y

These cut-away portions of the tiles are in effect relatively deep recesses in one edge of the tile at opposite corners thereof. When the tiles are laid in a course, end to end, the perpendicular walls 20 of the ends of adjacent tiles meet or abut as shown in the drawings so that the walls 17 and l18 of contiguous tiles in the same course form a tapered or wedge-shaped seat for snu ly. receiving the smaller tapered ends of y-c ecker-blocks or heat exchan ers 15; the inclined sides of the checker-bloc s snugl fitting against the inclined walls 17 oft e adjacent tiles, while the bottoms or smaller ends of the checkerblocks snugly seat upon the -horizontal portions or shoulders 18 of adjoining tiles. It is, of course, understood that the ta ered seats or recesses formed by the wall 17 1n the adjacent checker walls 10 are arran ed 0pposite each other so, as to receive t e ends of the checker-blocks '15 and support them across the narrow wells 11 defined by the checkerfwalls. As shown in Figure 2, the checker-walls 10 also' form seats or supports for the checker-blocks 15 of adjacent wells.

It is to be particularly noted that seats formedbetween the abutting ends of the tiles by the walls 17and 18 are relatively deep and of suilicient depth to receive substantially the entire height of the checkerblocks 15. This is important inasmuch as it eliminates the requirement of providing deep rnotches or seats directly in the bodies of the tiles which have a .decided weakening eiect upon the tiles and freuently cause them to fracture during manu acture, use and handling thereof. This disadvantage is elimi- 'nated inthe present tile because ofthe fact that the deep seats for the checker-blocks are provided not in the bodies of the individual tiles,-but between the meeting ends thereof, so as not to be sub'ect to the serious objection mentioned. It will, therefore be seen, that the seats formed between the meeting .ends of the tiles will receive substantially the entire height of the checker-blocks or the heat exchangers, and it results that only a very minor part of the wider portion ofeach checker-block will project above the tiles and course forming isuch seats. This small' projecting portion of the checkenblock will extend only slightly into the adjacent course of tiles, Where the tops of the checker-blocks are received in relatively shallowrecesses or notches 21 in tiles ofthe superimposed course. These notches 21 are, in the present instance,

less than one-third the depth of the deep recesses between adjacent tile, but, of course, the relative dimensions 'of the notches and recesses can be varied without departing from the scope of the claims. In' order toguard against danger of fracture, the supporting surface or basev of each tile 14 is provided between its endswith such` a relative shallow recess or notch 21. Because of the fact that We arrange for the relatively deep notches falling between meeting ends of the tiles, and the further fact that the courses are arranged in break-joint relation, we providefor a very shallow notch or recess 21 in each tile at a `of tile instead of the wider portions of the blocks, in order that the wider portions will be arranged in the relatively deep recesses or seats, while the narrower portions of the blocks willv constitute the lminor projecting portions adapted to be arranged in ther-elatively shallow notches 21. The notch 21 are, of course, constructedto snugly receive the projecting portions of the ,checker-blocks in adjacent courses so that. tight joints will be formed aroundtlie ends of the checkerblocks in order that there may be no cross passages or openings through the checker walls 10 and, therefore, no cross currents to' detract from the eilicient vertical flow of air or gas in the wells, and no ledges for the accumulation of dust .and dirt, which accumulation would detract from the operating efficiency of the tiles in exchanging heat. It will also bev obvious that bv the herein dis-v closed construction, the checker-blocks will be ,arranged in vertical staggered relationship to divide the relatively narrow, longitudinally extending wellswinto vertical tortu- Aous, narrow passages, thereby causing the air currents to be split up or divided so as to effectively scrub the surfaces of the checker- Work as pointed out in the Loftus patent hereinbefore mentioned. It 'will also be noted, from this patent, that the-cross sectional shape of the checker-blocks 15 or heat exchangers plays a very important 'rle in increasing ,the eiiicie'ncy of checker-work due to` the fact that they offer minor resistance to the passage of the gas through the wells in one direction and cause major mistanceto the wall tiles shown in Figure 1, but t e shoulders 18 are arranged a greater distance from the bottom of the tile toaccomplishthev forer goin object. Nevertheless, the depthA of4 the noto es 17 in the ends of the tiles remain-thesamek as the depth of the 'notches in the tileto point out that We'have reference to the shownin- Figure 1 so that the modified form of tilegwill receive the same checkerblocks 15 that are employed in the construction of ,the

checker-work shownl in Figure l1. This is true also of thenotches 21inthe'bottoms bf the tiles. r To make it perfectly clear whatwe mean by varying the 'size ofthe draft passages between the checker-blocks 15 it is desired distance between the lpoints A--B shown in I Figure 5,. In this figure, according to our installation scale, this distance is approximately 41/2 in. with a 27 opening afordedhby the checker-blocks 15, while the distance between the checker-blocks in Figure 1, on installation scale, yis approximatel 3 in. with an". 18'? opening. It will, there ore,4 be seen4 that the checker-blocks are interchangeable and this isa very desirable feature in the practical use of the tiles andchecker-blockslin the con'- struction of checker-work. `v

While we have shownl a particular construcf tion and believe this to be the preferred-embodimentof our invention, and have ,shown our vinvention as appliedto one type of furnace, it will be understood that suchV variations as are/ within the range of mechanical skill may be made. without departing 'fromtheinvention as dened in the appended claims,and that the checker-,work may be in stalledin all and varioustypes of furnaces to which itis adaptable.

v 1. In checker-work, the'combination of a series of'tiles having tapered bodies providinclined end portions inplanes at rightangles to the vertical longitudinal plane of -the tile andV laid'end t vend to provide taperedseats between the adjacent ends of the tiles, andheat exchangers tapered in trans'-A verse cross section seated. in /said tapered seats.

. 2. In "checker-work, the combination ofv'a series'of tilesl laid end to end in a course", 'said tiles havingtransverse ends inclined to provide substantially tapered seats between adjacent ends of the tiles, and heat exchangers ofsubstantially tapered cross section seated in said seats and completely filling the same.

3. A checker-tile comprising 4a body having a notch in an edge between the ends thereof, and a reduced tapered portion upon said bod having end. portions in planesat. right A ang es to the verticall longitudinal plane of. said tile andforming shoulders .with said body portion.

4. In a checker-workconstruction,-thecomf bintion of a series of tile laid in courses to of .said vertical passages.'

5 .In checker work,ithe.clombination of a* seriesl of\tiles laidto `provide a' series 'of4 courses, tapered seats in certain 'of said tiles,

and substantially tapered heat exchangers having major and Irunor portions arranged in said seats, the major portions of certain exchangers being arranged -in seats of one course with the minor portions of the ex- 'form spaced vertical walls defining ai narrow "well, heat exchangers seated in said Walls .and extending across said well to -divide said -narrow well into vertical'narrow passages, )and said tile anJ said exchangers being ad- 1 4Justable to different fixed relations with respeelt to each other to vary the size and angle s changesarranged inY seats of an adjacent L v46. 'In checker work, the combination 'of a' series of tiles, laid to provide a ries of courses, tapered Aseats in certain of said tiles, and heat exchangers tapered in cross section and having major and minor portions ar- ,ranged'in said seats, the major portions of certain exchangers being arranged in seats of` one course with the minor portions of the `exchangers constituting thewider parts thereof arranged. in seats in an'adjacent course, said minor portion of each exchanger being less than one-third of the 'height thereof;

7. A checker tile com rising'a body having one end -wall provided with 'a recess deeper than substantially one-half the length of said wall, another wall of said body having la relatively shallow notchof less than 'substantially one-halfy thedepth of said rel cess.I p L 8. Ajchecker tile comprising a body having its ends each provided with a recess v deeper than substantially one-half theheight of said body, the base of said-body havinga notchbetween its ends of less than substantiallyone-half the depth of said first recess. '9. A checkertile comprising a body having its ends each provided witha recess deeper than substantially one-half the height of f said body, the, substantially upright walls of said Vrecesses inclining and tapering upwards ly from the base of the body, and said base having a notch intermediate its ends of less than one-half the depth of said recesses. 10.1 In checker-work, a heat lexchanger block, and tiles' having-their ends cut away tov receive therebetween substantially the `full height of said heat exchanger block.- f v 11. In checker-work, a tapered heat exchanger, and. a checker-tile comprising a body having an end portion inclined adistance equal to substantially the full height of n the ex nndarrnnged in a Iene at.

P substnn right angles to the vertical longitudinal pine of said body.

12. The combination with a series of tile s of different sizes, either size being laid in courses to form walls defining a well, heat exchangers seated in said walls in staggered relation and extending across said well tol divide the same into vertical passages, and lo said exchangers being interchangeable for in conjunction with walls constructed V W from either size tile whereby the size and angle of said vertical paages can be varied by the use ofthe requisite size tile.

15 y 13. A checker tile comprisin a body having one end wall provided wit a relatively deep recess, and another wall of said body having a relatively shallow notch of less than x substantially one-fourth the depth of s/aid re- In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands.

FRED H. LOFTUS. f THOMAS N, KURTZ. 

